What Is Gynecology?

Gynecology is a branch of medicine that deals with specific health concerns of women, such as the diagnosis, prevention, therapy and treatment of diseases and disorders concerning the female reproductive system. These include menstruation concerns, fertility issues, hormone disorders, STIs, ovarian cysts, female organ-related cancers and more.

Symptoms of a Gynecological Condition?

Some common symptoms of gynecological conditions are as follows:

  • Abnormal vaginal discharge
  • Back and/or abdominal pain
  • Bloating
  • Changes in vulva skin or color (i.e., sores, rash, warts, etc.)
  • Frequent or urgent need to urinate
  • Itching, burning or tenderness of the vulva
  • Pelvic, vaginal and/or vulvar pain
  • Unusual vaginal bleeding

Please see a gynecologist if you experience any signs and symptoms of a gynecological condition. If you are experiencing an emergency, please visit the nearest emergency room or call 9-1-1.

Diagnosing Gynecological Conditions

To properly diagnose gynecological conditions, our gynecologists may conduct medical consultations, physical exams and may also request specific gynecological exams such as the following:

  • Cervical biopsy – taking a sample from the cervix to test for abnormal or precancerous conditions
  • Colposcopy – a microscopic exam that gives OB/GYNs an enlarged view of the cervix and helps them find problems that may not be identified by the eyes alone
  • Cystoscopy – a test that checks the health of the bladder and urethra
  • Endometrial biopsy – taking a sample from the uterine lining to test for abnormal or precancerous conditions, as well as endometriosis
  • Hysteroscopy – examining the uterus using an endoscope
  • Mammography – an X-ray image of the breast
  • Pap smear test – a screening that checks for precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix
  • Pelvic laparoscopy – a surgical procedure used to examine pelvic organs
  • Ultrasound scans – using sound waves to capture images and evaluate internal organs

Treatment Options

Should you be diagnosed and need further treatment, Valley Baptist Health System and Valley Baptist Physician Network offer advanced technology and customized treatment options. These include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Cryosurgery
  • Dilation and curettage
  • Hysterectomy
  • LEEP procedure
  • Myomectomy
  • Robotic surgery

Our gynecologists also offer treatment plans that may involve over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications, certain therapies and lifestyle changes (i.e., eating healthy, increasing physical activity, avoiding smoking, managing stress, etc.).

What Exactly Does a Gynecologist Do?

A gynecologist is a doctor who specializes in the female reproductive system. They are knowledgeable in a wide range of health concerns, including menstruation issues, fertility problems, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), hormone disorders, pregnancy and childbirth. Valley Baptist gynecologists also carry out routine health screenings and examinations, family planning sessions, immunizations, preventive medicine and general health care for women, whether or not they’re related to the reproductive system.

Gynecologists have completed at least eight years of education and training—four years in general medicine and four years specializing in obstetrics and gynecology. In addition, they must be certified and registered by professional organizations such as the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).

What Are Different Gynecology Subspecialties?

The American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG) recognizes several gynecology subspecialties, including the following:

  • Gynecologic oncologist – manages and treats cancers of the female reproductive system through surgery, chemotherapy and palliative care
  • Menopausal and geriatric gynecologist – provides care and treatment for women in menopausal and geriatric age groups
  • Pediatric and adolescent gynecologist – treats adolescents with common or complex reproductive health issues
  • Minimally invasive gynecologic surgeon – performs endoscopic surgeries including hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and robotic surgery
  • Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgeon – treats genitourinary disorders using surgery, urodynamics and cystoscopy
  • Reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialist – treats infertility and hormonal disorders using techniques such as IVF and laparoscopic surgery
  • Hospice and palliative medicine specialist – focuses on relieving suffering in women with life-limiting illnesses
  • Complex family planning specialist – focuses on contraception and abortion care
  • Critical care medicine specialist – diagnoses, treats and manages critical illnesses and injuries

When Is the Best Time to See a Gynecologist?

You may see a gynecologist at any age, although the ACOG recommends visiting a gynecologist between the ages of 13 and 15. Women are generally advised to schedule annual gynecologic check-ups and to seek care anytime they experience symptoms or health concerns. If you are experiencing an emergency, please call 9-1-1 or visit the nearest emergency room.

How to Prepare for Your Gynecology Consultation or Exam

What you can expect during your gynecology consultation may vary depending on the reason for your visit. To help ensure a smooth appointment, please prepare the following:

  • Arrive at least 15 minutes early to complete any required forms
  • Bring your photo ID, health insurance card(s) and relevant medical records
  • Be open and honest with your doctor about your symptoms or concerns
  • Follow your doctor’s instructions for exams such as a Pap smear or ultrasound
  • Do not hesitate to ask your gynecologist any questions
  • If you are menstruating on the day of your appointment, you may still proceed unless advised otherwise
  • Avoid sexual activity, tampons or vaginal douching for at least two days before your exam
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Gynecology Services